بِسْمِ اللهِ الرَّحْمٰنِ الرَّحِيْمِ
(B-ismi-llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīm)
In the name of God, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful
Fitrah, i.e the charity of Eid-ul-Fitr (The festival of breaking the fast)
Dear all, Assalamu alaikum (wa rahmatullahi wa barakatuh)!
The charity called fitrah is an obligatory charity that must be fulfilled. It's made obligatory upon Muslim men, women, slaves, boys/girls and children.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّكَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَهْضَمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ، أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ وَالْحُرِّ، وَالذَّكَرِ وَالأُنْثَى، وَالصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَأَمَرَ بِهَا أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ.
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) enjoined the payment of one Sa' of dates or one Sa' of barley as Zakat-ul-Fitr on every Muslim slave or free, male or female, young or old, and he ordered that it be paid before the people went out to offer the `Id prayer. (One Sa' = 3 Kilograms approx.)
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1503
In-book reference : Book 24, Hadith 104
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 25, Hadith 579
URL for reference : http://sunnah.com/bukhari/24/104
The purpose of Fitrah:
The charity called fitrah is made obligatory for two reasons.
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ الدِّمَشْقِيُّ، وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ السَّمَرْقَنْدِيُّ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، - وَكَانَ شَيْخَ صِدْقٍ وَكَانَ ابْنُ وَهْبٍ يَرْوِي عَنْهُ - حَدَّثَنَا سَيَّارُ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، - قَالَ مَحْمُودٌ الصَّدَفِيُّ - عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ طُهْرَةً لِلصَّائِمِ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ وَطُعْمَةً لِلْمَسَاكِينِ مَنْ أَدَّاهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِيَ زَكَاةٌ مَقْبُولَةٌ وَمَنْ أَدَّاهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِيَ صَدَقَةٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَاتِ .
Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas:
The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) prescribed the sadaqah (alms) relating to the breaking of the fast as a purification of the fasting from empty and obscene talk and as food for the poor. If anyone pays it before the prayer (of 'Id), it will be accepted as zakat. If anyone pays it after the prayer, that will be a sadaqah like other sadaqahs (alms).
Grade : Hasan (Al-Albani)
Reference : Sunan Abi Dawud 1609
In-book reference : Book 9, Hadith 54
English translation : Book 9, Hadith 1605
URL Reference : http://sunnah.com/abudawud/9/54
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ بْنِ بَشِيرِ بْنِ ذَكْوَانَ، وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ الأَزْهَرِ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا مَرْوَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يَزِيدَ الْخَوْلاَنِيُّ، عَنْ سَيَّارِ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الصَّدَفِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، قَالَ فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ صلى الله عليه وسلم ـ زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ طُهْرَةً لِلصَّائِمِ مِنَ اللَّغْوِ وَالرَّفَثِ وَطُعْمَةً لِلْمَسَاكِينِ فَمَنْ أَدَّاهَا قَبْلَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِيَ زَكَاةٌ مَقْبُولَةٌ وَمَنْ أَدَّاهَا بَعْدَ الصَّلاَةِ فَهِيَ صَدَقَةٌ مِنَ الصَّدَقَاتِ .
It was narrated that:
Ibn Abbas said: “The Messenger of Allah (ﷺ) enjoined Zakatul-Fitr as a purification for the fasting person from idle talk and obscenities, and to feed the poor. Whoever pays it before the (Eid) prayer, it is an accepted Zakah, and whoever pays it after the prayer, it is (ordinary) charity.”
Grade : Hasan (Darussalam)
Reference : Sunan Ibn Majah 1827
In-book reference : Book 8, Hadith 45
English translation : Vol. 3, Book 8, Hadith 1827
URL reference : http://sunnah.com/ibnmajah/8/45
For one who had fasted, this shall compensate the mistakes that had taken place while fasting. The reward of feeding the poor as well is gained. For the ones who could not fast like the kids, sick and such, their granting shall gain the reward of feeding the poor only.
The time to give:
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ السَّكَنِ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ جَهْضَمٍ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ جَعْفَرٍ، عَنْ عُمَرَ بْنِ نَافِعٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ فَرَضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم زَكَاةَ الْفِطْرِ صَاعًا مِنْ تَمْرٍ، أَوْ صَاعًا مِنْ شَعِيرٍ عَلَى الْعَبْدِ وَالْحُرِّ، وَالذَّكَرِ وَالأُنْثَى، وَالصَّغِيرِ وَالْكَبِيرِ مِنَ الْمُسْلِمِينَ، وَأَمَرَ بِهَا أَنْ تُؤَدَّى قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ. Narrated Ibn `Umar:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) enjoined the payment of one Sa' of dates or one Sa' of barley as Zakat-ul-Fitr on every Muslim slave or free, male or female, young or old, and he ordered that it be paid before the people went out to offer the `Id prayer.
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1503
In-book reference : Book 24, Hadith 104
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 25, Hadith 579
(deprecated numbering scheme)
URL reference : http://sunnah.com/bukhari/24/104
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَفْصُ بْنُ مَيْسَرَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مُوسَى بْنُ عُقْبَةَ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم أَمَرَ بِزَكَاةِ الْفِطْرِ قَبْلَ خُرُوجِ النَّاسِ إِلَى الصَّلاَةِ.
Narrated Ibn `Umar:
The Prophet (ﷺ) ordered the people to pay Zakat-ul-Fitr before going to the `Id prayer.
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 1509
In-book reference : Book 24, Hadith 110
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 2, Book 25, Hadith 585
(deprecated numbering scheme)
URL reference : http://sunnah.com/bukhari/24/110
This should not be given after Eid prayer. If one wishes, it can be given two, three days ahead of the Eid. Dear brothers and sisters! Islam is insisting this charity of Eid-ul-Fitr so that without distinguishing the rich and the poor, for everyone should happily celebrate the Eid-ul-Fitr.
It is obligatory duty for the one to give on behalf of elders, children, men, women, for everyone who is under his/her care. One behalf of every person One Sa’ (2.5 Kilograms approx.) or its equivalent money should be given.
Abu Huraira (rah) was assigned by Prophet Muhammad (saws) to be in charge of collecting the charity of the Eid-ul-Fitr. Therefore, not giving individually to the poor who come to us, and instead giving as a group by collecting from everyone for distribution is indeed the Prophet’s way (summary of the Bukhari 3275 & 5010 hadiths below).
وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ وَكَّلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِحِفْظِ زَكَاةِ رَمَضَانَ، فَأَتَانِي آتٍ، فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو مِنَ الطَّعَامِ، فَأَخَذْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لأَرْفَعَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم. فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَوَيْتَ إِلَى فِرَاشِكَ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ لَنْ يَزَالَ عَلَيْكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَافِظٌ، وَلاَ يَقْرَبُكَ شَيْطَانٌ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ. فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " صَدَقَكَ وَهْوَ كَذُوبٌ، ذَاكَ شَيْطَانٌ ".
Narrated Muhammad bin Sirin:
Abu Huraira said, "Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) put me in charge of the Zakat of Ramadan (i.e. Zakat-ul-Fitr). Someone came to me and started scooping some of the foodstuff of (Zakat) with both hands. I caught him and told him that I would take him to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)." Then Abu Huraira told the whole narration and added "He (i.e. the thief) said, 'Whenever you go to your bed, recite the Verse of "Al-Kursi" (2.255) for then a guardian from Allah will be guarding you, and Satan will not approach you till dawn.' " On that the Prophet (ﷺ) said, "He told you the truth, though he is a liar, and he (the thief) himself was the Satan."
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 3275
In-book reference : Book 59, Hadith 84
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 4, Book 54, Hadith 495
(deprecated numbering scheme)
URL reference : http://sunnah.com/bukhari/59/84
وَقَالَ عُثْمَانُ بْنُ الْهَيْثَمِ حَدَّثَنَا عَوْفٌ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ وَكَّلَنِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم بِحِفْظِ زَكَاةِ رَمَضَانَ فَأَتَانِي آتٍ فَجَعَلَ يَحْثُو مِنَ الطَّعَامِ فَأَخَذْتُهُ فَقُلْتُ لأَرْفَعَنَّكَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَصَّ الْحَدِيثَ فَقَالَ إِذَا أَوَيْتَ إِلَى فِرَاشِكَ فَاقْرَأْ آيَةَ الْكُرْسِيِّ لَنْ يَزَالَ مَعَكَ مِنَ اللَّهِ حَافِظٌ وَلاَ يَقْرَبُكَ شَيْطَانٌ حَتَّى تُصْبِحَ. وَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم " صَدَقَكَ وَهْوَ كَذُوبٌ ذَاكَ شَيْطَانٌ ".
Narrated Abu Huraira:
Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) ordered me to guard the Zakat revenue of Ramadan. Then somebody came to me and started stealing from the foodstuff. I caught him and said, "I will take you to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ)!" Then Abu Huraira described the whole narration and said: That person said (to me), "(Please don't take me to Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) and I will tell you a few words by which Allah will benefit you.) When you go to your bed, recite Ayat-al-Kursi, (2.255) for then there will be a guard from Allah who will protect you all night long, and Satan will not be able to come near you till dawn." (When the Prophet (ﷺ) heard the story) he said (to me), "He (who came to you at night) told you the truth although he is a liar; and it was Satan."
Reference : Sahih al-Bukhari 5010
In-book reference : Book 66, Hadith 32
USC-MSA web (English) reference : Vol. 6, Book 61, Hadith 530
(deprecated numbering scheme)
URL reference : http://sunnah.com/bukhari/66/32
It makes sense, to collect the charity of Eid-ul-Fitr from the wealthy as well as the middle class, to benefit the most for the poor who would receive it. If each and everyone distributed individually, then a situation where only select few people would receive many would not be able to receive is created. The situation of the same person receiving again and again would also be created.
Collecting as a group, finding the poor and distributing there would result in the charity being able to reach every poor. The needed amount of charity would also be reaching them. Tamil Nadu Thowheed Jamaath requests that this Prophet’s way to be upholded.
Translator: Abu Abdul Baari, Ummu Abdul Baari
The original source (Tamizh): https://www.facebook.com/notes/thowheed-translations/tamizh-fitrah-ie-the-charity-of-eid-ul-fitrfestival-of-breaking-of-the-fast/229114387599894/
No comments:
Post a Comment